The official date of the first fire robots in our country is the 18th of June, 1984. This day the specialists from Karelia created remote-controlled fire-fighting robot to protect the monuments of wooden architecture (the message in The Truth-newspaper dated 18.06.1984). Several soviet newspapers wrote about it. Soon there was created The fire robots laboratory under the governmental support [1].

When the Chernobyl trouble has occurred, the first fire robot and two similar articles were sent to Chernobyl, according to the telegram of the USSR MIA minister A.Vlasov. There they have cleared a huge part of roof from radioactive parts on the point of 70 m, and saved the health of many soldiers of chemical troops, who should make this work by hands.

In the report of Chernobyl APP leadership was mentioned "deep perspectivity" of technical decisions. Especially actual for APP is necessity of firemen replacing in dangerous zones. In the state committee of atomic energy was taken a decision to create robotized fire complexes for APP.

And such complex was created on the Leningrad APP. Unfortunately in 90s these works were stopped. Nevertheless it was managed to save science-technical base and specialists. In future these works were not stopped, but even enlarged, and the laboratory of fire robots became the engineering centre of fire robots technology.

Nowadays the Scientific Production Association (SPA) "Engineering centre of fire robots "FR" has a leading place in Russia and CIS in elaboration and producing of fire robots under GOST R 53326-2009 and fire technology under GOST R 51115-97.Elaboration of articles in the SPA is held in a design office - in mechanics, hydraulics, electronics and programming.SPA consists of Fire robots plant with a modern manufacture technology, certified in the system of international quality standard ISO 9001:2000. The production is certified in the system of fire safety standards and GOST-R, it meets the requirements of Marine register and explosion protection according to application specifics. The articles are produced on the level of international standards. The novelty of technical decisions is proved by patents.

To protect units FR elaborates projects of automatic extinguishing, fire alarm and teleobservation, operates mounting works, balancing and commissioning, and after-sales service.

FR-Jsc. produces hand-held and remote-controlled fire monitors with constant and adjustable discharge from 20 up to 350 l/sec in stationary and portable modification - they form streams as dispersed water and foam mass with changing spray angle from straight stream up to shielding screen 90 deg. They mean to extinguish fire, cool constructions, precipitate the clouds of poisoned or radioactive gases, fumes and dust. The peculiar quality and functional features are:

• light-weight construction of stainless steel, resistant to aggressive foam formers and sea water;
• by customer's demand fire monitors can be optionally supplied with: shielding screen, disk gate, ejector for foam former, oscillator, discharge regulators, deflectors;
• optional swivel section (the 3rd degree of freedom) for raise and turn down (maxi, mini);
• the construction can be fixed in upper and lower monitor position - maxi, mini;
• quick-detachable connection of fire monitor for reinstallation to portable or stationary monitor;
• remote-controlled fire monitors have higher and lower speeds;
• explosion-proof fire monitors are supplied with control cabinets with start up equipment and system of micro climate, which regulates temperature and moisture, with a mark of explosion proof IExdIIBT4.

There was created the hand-held universal foam fire monitor first time in Russia HHCU-50A with adjustable discharge from 2 up to 8 l/sec with changeable stream geometry, which forms straight and dispersed water stream, shielding screen without additional foam nozzle.

Basing on remote-controlled fire monitors there were created fire robots with program control for automatic extinguishing.Among all known types of fire robots, including android and mobile, these fire monitors are the most popular.Their application is especially actual for protection of high-floored and outside units of fire extinguishing. Fire robot under GOST R 53326-2009 "Robotized installations of fire extinguishing" is automatic installation, which manipulates fire monitor in spherical coordinate system on base of remote-controlled fire monitor with fixed or mobile installation, with ignition disclosure device and program control, it replaces a fireman in dangerous for life areas,. Robot means to extinguish and localize technological equipment and buildings in protected unit. Produced fire robots differ with huge protected area, they have a baseline network, and water or foam is supplied by air. Fire robots can be supplied with IR-scanners for automatic ignition disclosure and TV-cameras for video control. Basing on fire robots connected by RS-485-channel, there are formed installations of automatic fire extinguishing - robotized fire complexes, working with PC. Nowadays they are applied for protection of high-floored buildings, airbus hangars, covered sports and inflatable constructions. Robotized fire complexes with fire robots with thinly dispersed water with water supply from usual city water supply network - neither electricity no water supply problems.

Nowadays more than 30 units in Russia and CIS are supplied with fire robots.

SPA "FR" elaborates also fire robots of double destination: for fire extinguishing and for protection from unapproved entering. For instance, fire robots can fight with pirates. Military patrol of sea shipping does not always prevent from contact actions with pirates. The boats should be provided with technical means of aggression prevention. These days robots can help people in extreme cases. Security-safe fire robots are the robots of double destination. They are supplied with powerful water jets and operate round-the-clock teleobservation in the area. If a boat appears in the area of fire robots activity, they can wash away its crew with armament and even immerse the boat. According to request of Murmansk navigation there was elaborated a project of long voyage ships' supplying with security-fire robots for fighting with robots. It is recommended to install the robotized fire complex with 12 robots per 6 from each side. Control of robots directing is operated according to video information from TV-cameras from a safe place. It is possible to switch on the automatic mode with information from moving sensors. The robots can be efficiently used for fire extinguishing on the boats and port work shore.

[1] - "Elaboration of fire preventive robots in Ruusia"//V.Korsunsky, c.t.s., docent of Bauman's MSTU, magazine "World and safety" #3, 2007